• P-ISSN 2277-3525 E-ISSN 2582-7901

Journal of Multidisciplinary
Dental Research

Article

Journal of Multidisciplinary Dental Research

DOI: 10.38138/JMDR/v8i2.22.ia2

Volume: 8, Issue: 2, Pages: 44-49

Invited Article

Oral Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): An Overview

Lakshman Samaranayake​ ✉ 1 , Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin 2 , Nihal Bandara 3

1 Professor Emeritus and Immediate-past Dean; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
2 Lecturer, Departments of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, UAE
3 Lecturer, Oral Microbiology, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

Corresponding author ✉: [email protected]

Received Date:22 December 2022, Accepted Date:22 December 2022, Published Date:26 December 2022

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The grim milestone of three million deaths due to the global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reached a few weeks ago. COVID-19 is a multi-system all-pervasive disease with protean manifestations, and its major signs and symptoms, such as the incessant dry cough, fever, and pneumonia, are well-known. Yet, its mucocutaneous manifestations, particularly those of the oral cavity, appear to be little recognized. This may be due either to the rarity of oral manifestations of COVID-19, or poor detection of such symptoms by attending physicians who may do only a cursory examination of the oral mucosa because of the overwhelming gravity of the other major systemic presentations. Nevertheless, there are now a considerable number of reports, including systematic reviews, on oral manifestations of COVID-19 in the literature. These, apart from the now well-known dysgeusia of COVID-19, range from ulcers, erosions, bullae, vesicles, mucosal pustules, macules, papules and pigmentations, as well as haemorrhagic manifestations including petechiae, crusts and spontaneous bleeding. Unfortunately, the majority of these reports are anecdotal in nature and remain to be substantiated. Here, we provide a brief overview of the reported oral manifestations of COVID-19, and their management protocols.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To raise awareness of the currently reported major and minor oral manifestations of COVID-19 and their management protocols.

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© 2022 Published by International Dental Educationists’ Association (IDEA). This is an open-access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

  • 27 December 2022
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